Monday, September 2, 2013

Oil Painting (Homework #2)- Amy Wynia




Painting Grounds:

- Titanium Oil Ground- a high quality oil ground that contains no lead.  It is mixed by combining titanium white, marble dust, and linseed oil to create flexibility.  It dries as a semi-absorbent, satin finish.    The final product will have a very soft and a beautiful fine white color.

-Lead Oil Ground- has a heavy, thick formulation.  It contains pure lead carbonate and marble dust that gives it the perfect amount of absorbency and tooth.  

-Gamblin Oil Ground-it creates a strong, bright foundation for oil colors.  It’s mixed with alkyd resin, titanium dioxide, and barium sulfate.  It’s seen to be more flexible than traditional oil primers like Gesso.  The titanium dioxide is what creates the ground to have its opacity.  It has a high pigment count so it takes only about two coats to cover your piece rather than four coats.     

Painting Supports:

-Linen-provides a strong weave and elasticity.  It’s used more commonly by portrait artists or landscape artists.  The fibers in this material last longer, stay flexible for a longer amount of time, are resistant to bacterial rot, and are less affected by the environment around it.

-Canvas-one of the most common supports for a painting surface.  They are very flexible and can create a very smooth surface for paintings, bold texture, and give enhancement for a collage.  With a stretched canvas one can be given a very nice professional look with this being one’s support.

-Fiberglass-  it’s made of a polyester resin that has bits of glass fiber in it.  If using a large panel, it’ll need to be braced/cross-braced as any large piece needs to be.  This support can give a very beautiful effect to one’s painting in a unique way.

Painting Tools:
-Paintbrushes- oil paintbrushes typically have stiff bristles.  Besides paint, paintbrushes are significantly the most important tool in creating a painting.  The three most common are the hog bristle, synthetic, and sable.  Paintbrushes come in several different shapes such as, rounds, flats, filberts, and fans, but one can decide on which will be most beneficial by knowing in advance how they want their painting textured or smoothed out.   

-Turpentine- a paint thinner that is used to mix liquid and oil paint together.  Also a thin layer of paint mixed with this material will allow the paint to dry faster and cover a larger area on your chosen support.  It’s a very strong smelling, toxic chemical so it must be used in a particular ventilated area.  

-Medium- an oil medium is an additive that is mixed with the paint to change how the paint moves across the canvas.  An example of this is that, using this material over a large amount of work can create a very matted finish to it. 

Painting Techniques:

-Indirect painting- involves a buildup of gradually placing layer of paint one after the other, modifying the top layer, and concealing the bottom/lower layers.  The under painting made should be just an outline and then the upper layers set more in detail.

-Glazing- consists of applying usually with a wide brush a transparent layer of paint over an opaque layer of paint.  It creates a stained-glass effect that is not obtained by a direct mixture of paint.  An optical depth is produced that attracts the viewer’s eyes rather than the opaque paint. 

-Impasto- paint is applied directly on the painting surface creating a very bold expressive look.  A lot of texture is created making the painting appear to be very three-dimensional.

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