UNM Figure Painting Fall 2013: August 2013

Friday, August 30, 2013

Homework 2: Oil Paint. -Alise Roybal

Alise Roybal
8/30/13

Oil Paint Techniques:

Encaustic with oil: The two combine together well and create a wide range of effects. When wax is added to oil paints it can allow for greater body and textural effects but can also make it less flexible. If oil is added to encaustic it can allow for a smoother or fluid consistency and finish.
Impasto: Thick application of paint which adds a great use of texture to the image.
Sfumato: Latin 'to evaporate like smoke" , in painting it means that there are no harsh outlines present and areas are blended into one another through minuscule brushstrokes. This results in a hazy, though realistic, depiction of light and color

Oil Paint Grounds:

Gesso: A mixture consisting of a binder mixed with chalk, gypsum, pigment. Used in artwork preparation. Acrylic gesso (modern gesso) consists of calcium carbonate with an acrylic polymer medium and a pigment.
Tonal Grounds or Neutral Grounds: flat and opaque. Color is mixed with white paint to create opacity and applied to a primed surface. Sometimes this color is mixed into the gesso and then applied.
Imprimatura: Made by mixing an earth color such as a burnt sienna with turpentine into runny consistency and applied to the primed surface.

Oil Paint Supports:

Masonite: is a type of hardboard mad of steam-cooked and pressure molded wood fibers. But should be prepped accordingly such as applying multiple coats of gesso and sanding it down as necessary.
Canvas: The most popular support to paint on, a heavy duty woven fabric. It is usually applied over a wooden "stretcher" frame.
Wood Panel: Until the rise of canvas, this was the primary support and one of the earliest known supports for painting. Various mixtures such as a glue coated the surface and was allowed to air try then gesso was applied.

Oil Paint Tools:

Palette Knife:A flat metal blade which can be used to remove paint, mix paint, and apply paint (which creates texture).
Paint thinner: Used to thin oil paints, and allow for consistency changes with the amount applied. Used to also clean brushes and surfaces, such as a mistake on the canvas.
Unconventional Tools: Such as rags and sponges can be used to create interesting textures and effects. Can also be used to clean or remove paint from a surface.

Oil Painting Info (Homework 2)

Mayat Smolnik

Oil Painting Techniques (from Gamblin website)

Indirect Painting- Create painting in 3 layers

1^st layer-transparent darker layer, with few colors. Block in painting

2^nd layer-opaque layer with lightest shades in painting

3^rd layer- add highlights and glaze

Direct Painting-Creating the painting in a single layer. Block in lights then darks, primarily mix paint on canvas. You can use slow drying medium to add fluidity.

Impasto- using thick layers of paint to create very textured paintings. Often achieved by using gel and wax medium.

Oil Painting Supports (http://www.art-handbook.com/surfaces.html)

Canvas- Tightly woven fabric. Can have fine texture for smooth detail or rough surface to add texture. Usually is stretched out onto wooden supports. Currently the most popular surface

Wood Panel- One of the earliest used oil painting supports. Poplar, oak, linden, pine, cedar, mahogany and walnut are some woods that have been used. The best wood surfaces to paint on are quarter sawn, seasoned, air dried and reinforced with wood strips. These qualities allow the panel to resist warping and shrinking and allow it to hold paint better

Copper- support used in the past, particularly in Holland. The fact that it expands signifigantly with heat and is easily bent made peeling and blistering of the paint commonplace but the surface allows for great dimensionality. The copper must be prepared by sanding off colored oxides which gives the paint nooks to cling to.

Oil Painting Grounds (http://homepages.ius.edu/DCLEM/ptgguide/ptggd3b.htm)

Gesso- Today refers to acrylic gesso (chalk, titanium white pigment, and acrylic polymer emulsion).Versatile, flexible dries rapidly. The most popular ground for oil paints used today.

Imprimatura- Mix of a usually earthy tone with turpentine (or mineral spirits). Painted on primed surface. Leaves a transparent stain which allows light to pass through.

Textured grounds - Textured surfaces can be made from acrylic mediums giving the painting a three dimensional ground to work on.

Oil Painting Tools

Pallete Knife- Used to remove paint, create edges, or apply paint

Rag, cloth or fingers- Used to remove paint diluted with mineral spirits, or smudge to create more realistic gradients.

Mineral Spirits- Used to thin the oil paint and clean brushes and palette.

Thursday, August 29, 2013

Homework: 8/28

REMEMBER: You have NO SCHOOL Monday, 9/2/13. LABOR DAY!!!
We will meet again Wed, 9/4/13

You have 3 parts to your homework due for next Wednesday:

1. Finish your FIGURE STUDY. These are DUE for critique at the beginning of class. This should be the absolute best use of figure, composition, and paint handling you can present.

2. We will be discussing different techniques for oil painting, as well as different grounds, supports, and tools for putting paint on a surface. RESEARCH at least 3 painting techniques, 3 supports, 3 grounds, and 3 tools for working with oil. POST THIS with brief explanations (descriptions) for each to the blog.

3. BRING SUPPLIES for making paint along with brushes, rags, a palette, and paint thinner (to paint):
~dry pigment
~linseed oil
~beeswax (for certain colors. AGAIN, not requisite but will help certain colors "bind")
~palette knife
~glass & muller (optional but HIGHLY RECOMMENDED)
~permanent marker
~tape
~gloves, respirator (gloves & masks will be provided, but again a respirator is awesome if you have it)
~eye protection (safety glasses)

Read the following sites CAREFULLY, so you will know what to expect next Wednesday!! This is an adventure for all, so know that there are many variations on a theme. We will become much more familiar with what paint is and how it works as the semester progresses. Do not be discouraged at the beginning! As the adage goes: If at first you don't succeed, try try again! :)

http://www.sinopia.com/how-to-make-oil-paint.aspx

http://www.paintmaking.com/extenders_fillers_driers.htm

http://michaelharding.co.uk/news5.php

Tuesday, August 27, 2013

hw#1

OIL

Rembrandt, self-portrait

Dalí, persistence of memory

Van Gogh, self-portrait

ACRYLIC

Joeb Ergholm

simzzz, urban chic

William Wray, model

WATERCOLOR

Homer

Michael Cursed, Native Headdress

Maria Checchia

NON-TRADITIONAL PAINTING (all mixed-media)

Matt Small

unknown

Niki de Saint Phalle

Homework 1, Vivar

Jasmen Vivar

All formatting reads:
traditional/academic example
psychological example
textured example

Oil

Rembrandt, The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp, 1632, oil on canvas

Rosalin Breen, Untitled (With Child), November 15, 2002, oil

Trisha Lamoreaux, Abstract Zen Flower, February 2008, oil on primed panel

Acrylic

Jason de Graaf, Fluid Mechanics, acrylic on panel

Chuck Close, Mark, 1979, acrylic

Elin Pendleton, Untitled, 2007, acrylic on canvas

Watercolour

Winslow Homer, The Blue Boat, 1892, watercolour on paper

Lauren, Abstract Watercolour, 2005, watercolour on paper

Alfred NG, Memory of Spring, watercolour

Nontraditional

Keng Lye, Ranchu, 2013, Acrylic on resin layers

*part of his series Alive without Breath. Really fantastic, really worth checking out.

Shintaro Ohata, In the Sound, 2012, paint on polystyrene based sculpture

Jack Long, Vessel and Bloom series, photographed acrylic splashes

Monday, August 26, 2013

hw #2

chiaroscuro-technique using severe values of light and dark in a composition

tenebrism-developed by caravaggio, this technique involoves very gradual transitions of light and dark values

impasto-technique involoving the use of thick coats of paint

cotton canvas-opposed to the more traditional and sturdy linen canvas, this is a cheaper alternative

masonite-a board made from steam-cooked and pressure molded wood fibers. needs a ground to be placed upon it for oils

wood- can be a single panel or pieces put together. like masonite, should have ground but is not as essential

acrylic gesso-binder mixed with chalk, gypsum, or pigment to create a more secure surface for the paint (can be used on a variety of surfaces)

italian/traditional gesso-animal glue binder mixed with chalk and white pigment to a rigid surface (board)

bitumen-used by painters in days of yore, is liquid asphalt (asphalt is a very viscous liquid and can also be used to darken tones such as in the work of delacroix)

brush-most commonly used tool for applying oil paint. more expensive brushes are made from hairs of various animals

rag-can be used to erase with the use of solvent and to perform textures that brushes cannot achieve

palette-tradionally made from wood and in an oval shape. is surface used to mix paint before it is applied to the painting

examples of different style, stoke, and color. make up hw

jeff gogue
oil on gesso board

nikko hurtado
oil on canvas

Craola
oil on board

Lawrence Yang
Water color and ink on paper

Chet Zar
oil on canvas

casey baugh
oil on board

Michael hussar
oil on canvas

Christian Guemy
spray paint on wall

swoon
graphite and charcoal on board

Mellissa grime
oil on canvas

Sylvia ji
oil on canvas

Kathy olivas
oil on canvas

Techniques in regards towards oil painting can include fat over lean which means your heavier paint layer over the thinest. You can scumble which means to paint with no solvent and just a dry brush and oil paint. One can paint wet on wet which means while your under layer is wet you paint on it and you can blend this way.You can also add mediums to your paint to make it dry faster or dry with a gloss. When painting you should pick out surfaces that are canvas,papers,wood,fiberboards,glass,wall and plastic. Acrylic gesso is one of the best additives to a surface to help the oil bond.

Grounds can vary from a rabbit skin glue to acrylic gesso. There is also poly vinyl acetate which helps with fabric support.

Tools include a palette to put you oil paints on out of the tube. You can buy various palette knifes that you can paint of mix with. Lots of cloths are good to have around to clean your brushes along with a solvent container to conserve your used solvent.